This paper identifies the
background to and causes of conflict in Africa and looks at local, regional and
international responses. It examines how a stronger and more focused
international effort is required for sustainable peace and sets out a
comprehensive framework for conflict prevention.
The background to
conflict in Africa is presented as
comprising three factors Overthrowing colonialism. For example, Somalia
refused to accept externally prescribed borders. Colonialism in Sudan was
succeeded by an inadequate
political structure The Cold War resulted in a system of client
states where corrupt leaders were maintained in exchange for allegiance with
one of the superpowers. This increased arms flows and military expenditure and
raining. The large armies created by this support were not demobilized as the Cold War came to an end, leaving behind
a threat to domestic security; and New World Order: In
the 1990s state authority weakened, internal conflicts increased and fragmentation
led to warring splinter groups. Conflicts became regional as collapsed states
threatened the security of their neighbors.
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